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The Vatican City Flag is the official flag of Vatican City, the smallest independent state in the world. It consists of two vertical bands of yellow and white with the coat of arms of the Holy See (the governing body of the Catholic Church) in the center. The design of the flag is based on the yellow and white colors of the keys of Saint Peter, which are the symbol of the papacy and represent the power of the pope to open and close the gates of heaven.

The yellow color on the flag represents the spiritual power of the pope, while the white symbolizes the purity of the Catholic Church. The coat of arms in the center of the flag features two crossed keys, one gold and one silver, which represent the keys of heaven that were given to Saint Peter by Jesus Christ. Above the keys is the papal tiara, a three-tiered crown that symbolizes the pope’s spiritual authority. On either side of the keys are the papal emblems of the crossed silver and gold keys, and the shield of the Holy See.

The current design of the Vatican City Flag has been in use since June 7, 1929, when the Lateran Treaty was signed between the Holy See and Italy, officially establishing Vatican City as a sovereign nation. Prior to this, the papal states, which were territories ruled by the pope, had used various flags throughout their history.

The Vatican City Flag is flown over the Vatican and is hoisted on special occasions such as the election of a new pope, the canonization of a saint, and other important events related to the Catholic Church. It is also used by Vatican City’s diplomatic missions around the world.

In conclusion, the Vatican City Flag is a symbol of the spiritual power and authority of the pope and the purity of the Catholic Church. Its design is based on the keys of Saint Peter, which represent the power of the pope to open and close the gates of heaven. The flag has been in use since 1929 and is hoisted on special occasions related to the Catholic Church.