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Percentage is a way of expressing a number as a fraction or a part of 100. It is represented as the symbol “%”. The word “percentage” comes from the Latin word “per centum” which means “by the hundred”.

The concept of percentage is used in various fields, including finance, mathematics, statistics, science, and many others. It helps in presenting data in a more meaningful way, making it easier to understand and compare.

Calculation of Percentage

Percentage is calculated by dividing the part by the whole and multiplying the result by 100. For example, if a student scores 80 marks out of 100 in an exam, the percentage score can be calculated as:

80 ÷ 100 x 100 = 80%

Similarly, if the price of a product increases from $50 to $60, the percentage increase can be calculated as:

(60 – 50) ÷ 50 x 100 = 20%

Applications of Percentage

Percentage is widely used in various fields, some of which are:

• Finance: Percentage is used to calculate interest, tax, inflation, return on investment, and other financial parameters.
• Mathematics: Percentage is used in algebra, geometry, trigonometry, and other branches of mathematics to express ratios and proportions.
• Statistics: Percentage is used in statistics to calculate measures of central tendency, variability, correlation, and other statistical parameters.
• Science: Percentage is used in science to express composition, concentration, and other properties of substances.
• Economics: Percentage is used in economics to measure economic growth, inflation, unemployment, and other economic indicators.

Percentage is an important concept that is used in various fields to express numbers as fractions or parts of 100. It helps in presenting data in a more meaningful way and makes it easier to understand and compare. Knowing how to calculate and interpret percentages is an essential skill that can be applied in many aspects of life.