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Martin Luther was a German professor of theology, composer, and priest who lived in the 16th century. He is widely known for his role in the Protestant Reformation, which challenged the authority of the Catholic Church and led to the establishment of Protestantism.

Early Life and Education

Luther was born in Eisleben, Germany, in 1483, to a family of peasants. His father, Hans, worked in the copper mines to provide for his family. Luther attended the University of Erfurt to study law but had a profound spiritual experience that led him to become a monk.

The Ninety-Five Theses

In 1517, Luther wrote the Ninety-Five Theses, which was a list of grievances he had with the Catholic Church’s sale of indulgences. The theses were written in Latin and were meant to spark debate among theologians and scholars. However, they were quickly translated into German and spread throughout Europe, causing a public outcry.

Excommunication and Translation of the Bible

As Luther’s ideas gained popularity, the Catholic Church saw him as a threat and excommunicated him in 1521. Luther went into hiding and spent his time translating the Bible into German, making it accessible to the common people.

Lutheranism and Legacy

Luther’s ideas sparked a movement known as Lutheranism, which emphasized salvation through faith alone and the authority of the Bible. The Protestant Reformation led to the establishment of various Protestant denominations that exist to this day, including Lutheranism, Calvinism, and Anglicanism.

Luther’s legacy is still felt today, as Protestantism is the second-largest form of Christianity in the world. His teachings also strongly influenced the development of the modern world, particularly in the areas of religious freedom, democracy, and individualism.

Martin Luther was a trailblazer who challenged the authority of the Catholic Church and paved the way for the establishment of Protestantism. His ideas inspired a movement that changed the course of history and continue to shape the world today.