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A housefly, also known as Musca domestica, is one of the most common and widely distributed insects found all over the world. It belongs to the Muscidae family which includes other species such as the horsefly and tsetse fly. Houseflies are important in nature as they play a significant role in the food chain, but are commonly known for being a nuisance to humans.

Houseflies are generally small in size, measuring about 6 to 7 millimetres in length. They have a greyish body and four dark stripes on the thorax, which is the middle part of the body. The wings are transparent, and the eyes are large, compound, and red in colour. Houseflies have a pair of antennae that help them identify food and mating partners.

Houseflies have a distinctive life cycle that begins with eggs laid by the female fly on organic waste such as manure, garbage, or decaying vegetation. These eggs hatch into larvae that feed on the organic matter until they pupate and transform into an adult fly. The entire life cycle of a housefly can take anywhere between seven to ten days.

Houseflies are considered pests due to their ability to transmit diseases to humans. They can carry pathogens such as Salmonella, E. coli, and dysentery, which can cause illnesses such as typhoid fever, cholera, and diarrhea. In addition to being a health hazard, houseflies are a nuisance due to their propensity to fly around and land on food, making it unsanitary to consume.

In conclusion, houseflies are a common and significant part of the ecosystem, but can also be a nuisance and pose a health risk to humans. It is important to maintain proper sanitation and hygiene to prevent the spread of diseases caused by these insects.