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A harbor seal, also known as a common seal or Phoca vitulina, is a type of pinniped native to the northern hemisphere. They are found along the coast of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, as well as in the Baltic and North seas. Harbor seals are known for their curious and playful nature, making them a popular sight for tourists along the coastlines of their habitat.

Physical characteristics

Harbor seals have a distinctive appearance with rounded heads, short snouts, and wide eyes. They have a streamlined body designed for swimming, with front flippers that can be used to maneuver in the water and back flippers that are used for propulsion. Adult seals can reach lengths of up to 6 feet and weigh up to 300 pounds.

Harbor seals have a thick layer of blubber under their skin, which helps them stay warm in cold waters. They also have a unique pattern of spots and markings on their fur that can be used to identify individual seals.

Habitat and behavior

Harbor seals are found in coastal waters and estuaries, as well as on rocky shores and beaches. They are social animals and can often be seen sunbathing in groups on rocky outcroppings. They are also known to be excellent swimmers, capable of diving to depths of up to 600 feet in search of food.

Harbor seals are carnivorous and feed on a variety of fish, squid, and shellfish. They are also preyed upon by larger marine predators such as sharks and killer whales.

Conservation status

While harbor seals are not currently considered threatened, they are protected under the Marine Mammal Protection Act in the United States and similar legislation in other countries. The biggest threat to their populations is human activity, including hunting, pollution, and habitat destruction.

Overall, harbor seals play an important role in maintaining healthy marine ecosystems and are an important part of the coastal landscape in many areas of the world.