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A black hole is a region in space where the gravitational force is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape it. It is formed by the collapse of a massive star, resulting in an object with an extremely high density and a corresponding gravitational pull.

The boundary of a black hole is called the event horizon, beyond which not even light can pass. Anything that enters the event horizon is trapped by the black hole’s gravity and is pulled towards the singularity at its center, where the laws of physics as we know them break down.

Black holes come in different sizes, ranging from stellar black holes, which are around ten times the mass of the sun, to supermassive black holes, which can have masses billions of times that of our sun. They are also thought to play a role in the formation and evolution of galaxies, as their massive gravity can affect the motion of nearby stars and gas.

Despite their name, black holes do not actually appear black. They can emit radiation, known as Hawking radiation, that is caused by virtual particle-antiparticle pairs near the event horizon. This radiation can cause black holes to slowly evaporate over time, with smaller black holes evaporating faster than larger ones.

While black holes are fascinating objects to study, they also pose a mystery for scientists. The laws of physics as we currently understand them do not fully explain how black holes function, and their extreme properties make them difficult to study directly. Nonetheless, astronomers continue to observe and study black holes to learn more about their properties and their roles in the universe.